Hydrogen Bonding
Definition
The electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a small highly electronegative atom and a lone pair of electron on this electronegative atom in another molecule is called Hydrogen Bonding
it should be noted that :
i ) A hydrogen atom can participate in hydrogen bonding if it is bonded to O,N or F which have highly electronegativity and small atomic size
ii) hydrogen bond is longer and much weaker bond than normal covalent bond
iii) The electronegative atom O,N, And F in the polar bond must have unshared electron pair
Explanation :
When hydrogen atom is interact with highly electronegative atom it carry partial positive charge on it due to difference of electronegativity between hydrogen atom and highly electronegative atom ,so electrogeative atom attract hydrogen atom towards itself it make partia positive chagre on the hydrogen atom,so partial positive charge containing hydrogen iintracts with the lone pair of highly electroneagtive atom of another molecule nearby
Examples :
In Water molecule there is O which contain lone pair and it is highly electronegative atom so it create partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom ,now the partial positive charge containing hydrogen interact towards O on another side of the molecule because both have opposite charges so dotted lines shows Hydrogen bonding
In the second Example Nitrogen is more electroneagtive atom it has unshared pair electron which interact hydrogen and create partial positive charge on it ,so this partial positive hydrogen make a bond on the other side of negative charge containing nitrogen ,this dotted line bond is called hydrogen bonding red coloured Hydrogen and nitrogen
Hydrogen bonding is because of opposite charges on atoms in the molecule
Hope it is clear ,if not you can ask me via email ,i will get back to you
take care
Publish by Adil khan (mak)
Definition
The electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to a small highly electronegative atom and a lone pair of electron on this electronegative atom in another molecule is called Hydrogen Bonding
it should be noted that :
i ) A hydrogen atom can participate in hydrogen bonding if it is bonded to O,N or F which have highly electronegativity and small atomic size
ii) hydrogen bond is longer and much weaker bond than normal covalent bond
iii) The electronegative atom O,N, And F in the polar bond must have unshared electron pair
Explanation :
When hydrogen atom is interact with highly electronegative atom it carry partial positive charge on it due to difference of electronegativity between hydrogen atom and highly electronegative atom ,so electrogeative atom attract hydrogen atom towards itself it make partia positive chagre on the hydrogen atom,so partial positive charge containing hydrogen iintracts with the lone pair of highly electroneagtive atom of another molecule nearby
Examples :
In Water molecule there is O which contain lone pair and it is highly electronegative atom so it create partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom ,now the partial positive charge containing hydrogen interact towards O on another side of the molecule because both have opposite charges so dotted lines shows Hydrogen bonding
In the second Example Nitrogen is more electroneagtive atom it has unshared pair electron which interact hydrogen and create partial positive charge on it ,so this partial positive hydrogen make a bond on the other side of negative charge containing nitrogen ,this dotted line bond is called hydrogen bonding red coloured Hydrogen and nitrogen
Hydrogen bonding is because of opposite charges on atoms in the molecule
Hope it is clear ,if not you can ask me via email ,i will get back to you
take care
Publish by Adil khan (mak)
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